Pdf physicochemical and organoleptic properties of. The pests of the vegetative stage were identified as cutworms agrotis spp, aphids aphis craccivora, grasshopper zonocerus variegates, maruca testulalis, cydia ptychora and leafrolling caterpillars sylepta derogate. Once the enclosed seeds become quite obvious, the beans can be harvested. Sphenostylis is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, fabaceae.
Jul 14, 2014 african yam beans are an enduring part of the food system of the igbo and yoruba and were a key source of dietary protein for malnourished refugees during the nigerian civil war 196770. The yam bean was known earlier in china as ko or fan. African yam beans are an enduring part of the food system of the igbo and yoruba and were a key source of dietary protein for malnourished refugees during the nigerian civil war 196770. Functional properties of african yam bean sphenostylis. It is brown in color with crunchy flesh, which resembles raw potato. A nutritional assessment of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa. It is a highly adaptable crop capable of producing growth even on. Jicama is a vigorous, subtropical and tropical, climbing legume vine from south america. The plant known internationally as yambean is arguably one of the most interesting of all the worlds new food crops. Cooked beans were air dried for 4 days after which they were oven dried at 85c for 48 hours.
Effect of germination on the performance characteristics. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa feedipedia. Sep 20, 2007 researchers discovered a variation of the yam bean with less water content and high in protein. The tuber is white fleshed, spindly and long like sweet potatoes but contains more protein than sweet potatoes, cassava or yams. Evaluation of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex a. Food chemistry 48 1993 337340 functional properties of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa seed flour as affected by processing o. Yams, with their natural sweetness, take well to smoky spice, so we coated the chunks with smoked paprika and powdered chipotle, which blended perfectly. Comparison of radicle lenths of the three colour variants of african yam bean grown in edo state average nodule dry weight at 9 weeks after planting wap was 9. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of africas underutilized plant species.
The dark brown coloured variety of african yam bean seeds sphenostylis stenocarpa were soaked in distilled water control and in 1,2,3,4 and 5% solutions of unripe plantain peel ash 1. The dry seeds were soaked in cold water for between 18 to 24 hours, and the outer seed coats were removed by hand. We cut it up and fried it until golden and crispy for these unusual burritos, and were so glad we did. The seeds of cream coloured african yam bean ayb and lime were purchased from oye igboeze and ogige nsukka markets, respectively in enugu state, nigeria. I personally like to add extra spice to my bowl, the 12 teaspoon i use in the recipe. African yam bean flour are suitable for breads, cakes and biscuits incorporating the flour into wheatbased products make the foods useful protein and energy sources with good nutritive value. The african yam beans seeds were obtained from farmers in fadan ninzo, randa, and gwantu villages, in sanga local government area, kaduna south, kaduna state, northwest nigeria in september, 2011. It is usually cultivated as a secondary crop with yam in ghana and nigeria.
Jul 04, 2015 the dark brown coloured variety of african yam bean seeds sphenostylis stenocarpa were soaked in distilled water control and in 1,2,3,4 and 5% solutions of unripe plantain peel ash 1. Genetic assessment of three colour variants of african yam. Founded in the year 2016, dharani exim is one of the leading companies in market. Green harvest provides growing information for edible and useful plants in the organic and permaculture garden. Yam beans or jicama health benefits, facts, side effects. Afterwards wash and add the beans in a pot then add water and continue cooking until softened. Bring down the beans and yam from heat, pour in a sieve to drain out water then set aside. This could fulfill the need of a more stable crop and food source in subsaharan and west africa. The npu of the ungerminated seed protein is greater than that of bambarra groundnuts, cowpeas, groundnuts, lentils and velvet beans, but less than those of lima beans, soybean and pigeon peas fao, 1981. Several pachyrhizus species go by this name, but the best known and best developed yambean is pachyrhizus erosus. From blends of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa, maize zea mays and defatted coconut cocos nucifera. The conservation and maintenance of agrobiodiversity of neglected and underutilized plant species such as african yam bean ayb in seed banks aim at contributing to food security and preventing a potential food crisis. There is no significant difference in the npu of the three groups. Yam beansphenostylis stenocarpa commonly grown in the midwestern region of nigeria.
These seeds can be found in colors including brown, black, and red varieties. A few farmers who still hold some seed stocks, especially the white with blackeye pattern, plant it at the base of yam mounds in june or. Yam beans are a large food item that have many names. Wash the beans once and pour into a clean pot add water to about 2 inches above the beans, sliced onions and allow to boil till the beans is partially soft. Jicama, a legume, is grown for the large tuberous roots which can be eaten raw or cooked and are used as a source of starch the jicama plant is a vine which grows to a length of 20 feet or more. Three varieties of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa were collected from six different locations in edo state, nigeria ekpoma, benin city, auchi, igueben, igbanke and sabongida ora. Functional properties of some varieties of african yam bean ncbi. The effects of soaking the seeds in different concentrations of the ash solution on. Acceptability of moinmoin produced from blends of african.
Yam bean is deliciously devoured as raw salad, however there is a whole lot of opportunity to explore and exploit the various methods which can enhance the edibility of yam bean. Akobundu department of food science and technology, federal university of technology, owerri, nigeria received 27 november 1992. Yam bean definition is a tropical twining plant pachyrhizus erosus with tuberous roots resembling turnips which are eaten raw as a salad or cooked and edible pods and seeds which yield rotenone and oils. The mature seeds of african yam bean were bought from the market at nsukka, enugu state of nigeria.
The pests of the vegetative stage were identified as cutworms agrotis spp, aphids aphis craccivora, grasshopper zonocerus variegates, maruca testulalis, cydia ptychora and leafrolling caterpillars sylepta. We had a big, knobbly red yam sitting in our vegetable bowl for quite a while, begging to be used for something really good. Effect of soaking african yam bean seeds in unripe plantain. Oct 25, 2011 potentials of african yam bean the plant sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of the most important tuberous legumes of tropical africa. The panelist did not entirely reject, but neither liked nor disliked the 90%. Pachyrhizus is a small genus of five or six species of tropical and subtropical plants growing from large, often edible taproots. The yam bean is a legume but unlike its close relatives the soybean and other beans, the yam bean is cultivated for its large, tuberous roots.
Note, beans takes a while to soften so you may need to add more water if the initial water dries while the beans is cooking, peel the yam, rinse and cut into chunks. An overview on african yam bean find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Evaluation of the macronutrients composition of soil, leaves and seeds of african yam bean sphenostylis sternocarpa harms. The tuber and the leaves of the african yam bean can be fed to livestock.
Pdf african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa nodulates. Effect of soaking african yam bean seeds in unripe. Yams, with their natural sweetness, take well to smoky spice, so we coated the chunks with smoked paprika and powdered chipotle, which blended perfectly with creamy. Measurement of the physical properties was thereafter carried out. Aug, 2014 yam beans also called as jicama is a large and balloon shaped root vegetable. Cookies were produced from composite flour at ratio 100. The african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. Chipotle black bean and yam stew with a cilantro cabbage slaw this soup is so easy to prepare, especially if your black beans are already cooked.
The tuber grows as the root source, while the yam bean develops into the pod containing 2030 seeds found above the ground. Sadly the flowers should usually be removed as the bean pods and seeds are toxic, they also take a lot of vigour from the plant and reduce the harvest of tubers considerably. The african yam bean was subjected to one of the following processing methods. The pods are toxic when mature but can be used as a vegetable when young. It mostly goes by local or indigenous names, including fanko china, sankalu india, sinkamas philippines, dolique tubereux or pais patate french, knollige bohne german. Pests and diseases of african yam bean, sphenostylis.
Changes in amino acid composition of african yam beans sphenostylis stenocarpa and african locust beans parkia filicoida on cooking. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors. Sphenostylis stenocarpa is cultivated for its edible tubers, which look like elongated sweet potatoes, and for its seeds, which are contained in hard. The head office of our business is situated at chennai, tamil nadu. The flesh of yam bean tastes slightly sweet and it is believed to be able to remove body heat and help control blood pressure. Since the dawn of history these yamlike tubers have fed tropical americans. Several pests and diseases were identified on african yam bean, sphenostylis stenocarpa. The dry beans are harvested when the seeds have reached complete maturity the dry beans should be grown in plenty of space and ventilation. Abstract the microstructure of african yam bean sphenostylis sternocarpa cotyledons, flour, starch and gel prepared from flour were examined using. Potentials of african yam bean the plant sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of the most important tuberous legumes of tropical africa. Aug 10, 2015 yam beanjicama is a crunchy root vegetable available in most asian food stores. Yam beanjicama is a crunchy root vegetable available in most asian food stores. Raw african yam beans were obtained from iseyin local government arear of oyo state, nigeria. Finally, it suffers less damage in storage compared to cowpea.
These seeds were then characterized based on seed colour into black, brown, and light grey. The seeds were sun dried for 4 days after which they were oven dried at 85c for 48 hours. Evaluation of the macronutrients composition of soil. The seeds were screened in the field for agronomic and yield associated characters as well as. It could then be said that african yam bean should be soaked with sodium bicarbonate which. Abstract two grain legumes sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex a. The shell beans are harvested at a later time compared to the snap beans. The fat content of the formulations which ranged from 0. Wash and add the yam in the softened black beans, add more water if the beans have absorbed all the water then continue cooking until the yam has been softened. Determination of some physical properties of african yam beans. Leveraging over the skills of our qualified team of professionals, we are instrumental in wholesaling, exporting, trading and retailing a wide range of fresh vegetable, fresh fruit, fresh.
They are called cool potato or liang shu, earth melon or tu gua, bean potato or potato bean and duo shu and ge shu or kudzu potato. Pdf on nov 6, 2019, dotun olaoye and others published seminar presentation. Jicama growing information green harvest organic gardening. The african yam bean is also nitrogen fixer, increasing soil fertility.
Yam bean definition of yam bean by the free dictionary. Dry legume seeds were poured into boiling water 100c in a cooking pot and heated for 1 hour. Among major food crops, it has one of the highest levels of variation in growth habit, seed characteristics size, shape, colour, maturity, and adaptation. Jicama or climbing yam bean is a subtropical legume vine that produces crunchy, sweet tubers. The flour of african yam bean can be fortified with other flour sample to produce a good quality bakery products. Yam bean fao food and agriculture organization of the. African yam bean is a versatile legume crop, relished for its protein rich tubers, seeds and leaves which are utilized as spinach. Functional properties of some varieties of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa flouriii. Introduction of yam bean in africa the ahipa project. Special meals of yam beans feature in the marriage ceremonies of ekitis people in nigeria and the puberty celebration of avatime girls in ghana. The seed was identified and authenticated at the herbarium unit of the department of agronomy, ahmadu bello university, zaria, nigeria, where a.
Yam beans also called as jicama is a large and balloon shaped root vegetable. Evaluation of the macronutrients composition of soil, leaves. The roots are light brown in color, and may weigh up to 50 pounds. Yam bean, yam bean recipes, yam bean starch benefits. The functional properties, antinutrients, mineral and proximate composition of the flours were. Yam beans are rich with vitamin a, vitamin c, b and k and its flavor is sweet and starchy. If windrowed beans are rained on, additional rakings may be used to turn and dry the lower portion of the windrow. Yam beans are eaten mostly in salads and have to be peeled off before consuming. African yam bean nottingham eprints university of nottingham. The result, however, indicates that african yam beans are good sources of protein 14. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is a legume that provides nutritionally rich seeds, tubers and leaves for human consumption. Increasing the use of underutilized crops is one of the better ways to reduce nutritional. The smarter way to code key features and benefits develop professional desktop, enterprise, web, and mobile applications features java ee 6 development glassfish 3.
Flour, juice, soups, tortillas followed by many more varieties can expand your cuisine list. The plant is a climbing vine with flat, kidneyshaped seeds, and the tubers range in weight from 0. The supplementation of cereal based weaning foods with adequately processed african yam bean flour would help to improve their protein content and quality. Introduction the common dry bean or phaseolus vulgaris l. The pests attacked both the vegetative and reproductive stages of crops. Sphenostylis contains several species useful as food sources including sphenostylis stenocarpa sphenostylis stenocarpa belongs to the family fabaceae, and is characterized by its fruit legume and stipulated leaves cultivation. Researchers discovered a variation of the yam bean with less water content and high in protein. The seeds were cleaned manually by hand to remove all foreign matter such as dirt, pieces of stones, and broken seeds. Beans are ready for harvest when they reach 12%15% moisture. Harms is a perennial climbing bush, m high, generally grown as an annual.
Effect of germination on the performance characteristics of. The african yam bean is grown in countries of west africa such as cameroon, cote divoire, ghana, nigeria, and togo. Determination of some physical properties of african yam. Yam bean fao food and agriculture organization of the united. The yam bean was known earlier in china as ko or fan ko and is botanically known as pachyrhizus erosus. Production relies upon the cultivation of landraces and, to. Plants profile for sphenostylis stenocarpa african yam bean.
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